• bibliographic records with holdings - New Zealand's National Union Catalogue
• also, recent (after 1990) bibliographic records without holdings from Library of Congress, British National Bibliography (BNB) and National Library of Australia (Australian National Bibliographic Database)
• 10 million bibliographic records (NBD & NBA) and 9 million holdings records
• particular strengths in New Zealand print and non-print materials
• included in Te Puna subscription.

National Bibliographic Archive (NBA)

• bibliographic records without holdings from National Library of Medicine (NLM), Canadiana, USGPO, Singapore, Australian National Bibliography and Australian Bibliography Network. Also, older (before 1991) bibliographic records without holdings from Library of Congress, BNB and Australian National Bibliographic Database
• these records were split off from the NBD when NZBN was replaced by Te Puna in mid 1999
• a static database - no new records are added
• particularly useful for retrospective cataloguing
• included in Te Puna subscription.

Australian National Bibliographic Database

• operated by National Library of Australia
• Australia's library network serving over 1100 Australian libraries
• contains more than 11 million bibliographic records
• contains over 33 million holding locations for material held in Australian libraries
• particularly useful for Australian published material
• available to Te Puna subscribers - a "per use" charge applies.

Library of Congress

• provides access to the largest library collection in the world
• 12 million database records cover all formats, languages, and subjects
• particularly useful for US published material
• available to Te Puna subscribers - no extra charge applies.

Research Libraries Group (RLG) Union Catalog

• bibliographic descriptions reflecting the collections of a wide range of libraries and formats
• particularly useful for retrospective work, Dewey 200s, foreign language (East Asian), classical CDs, natural history, OECD publications, music scores, resource discovery
• available to Te Puna subscribers - a "per use" charge applies.

CURL Union Catalogue

• represents the holdings of the members of the UK Consortium of University Research Libraries, including UK and Ireland legal deposit libraries
• areas of strength similar to RLG, but content is more Eurocentric
• available to Te Puna subscribers - a "per use" charge applies.

Index New Zealand (INNZ)

• index to selected New Zealand serial publications, including newspapers and nearly 300 journals about New Zealand and the South Pacific.
• comprehensive coverage of titles from 1987 onwards
• many New Zealand titles also retrospectively indexed
• approximately 2,000 documents added monthly
• available on subscription

The two following National Library resources for published materials are available free of charge and can be accessed through the National Library corporate page: http://www.natlib.govt.nz

National Library of New Zealand Catalogue

• bibliographic records for published material held by the National Library of New Zealand, including the Alexander Turnbull Library and School Services
• includes all current material published in New Zealand and selected items from overseas
• includes all books, serials, videos, microfiche, maps, compact discs and CD-ROMs acquired by the Library after 1982, as well as a growing number of records for New Zealand published material acquired before that date
• a National Library public database.

New Zealand National Bibliography

• a list of publications from or about New Zealand, published in the last 3 years
• includes non-print materials such as sound recordings and CD-Roms.
• much of the material has been acquired by the National Library through legal deposit
• useful as a reference source, a source of information for purchasing New Zealand publications and a source of cataloguing information
• published monthly on the National Library's web pages (previously published in print from 1966 1982, on microfiche from 1983 1999, and since 1999 available on CD ROM).

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Module 2: Which Search Type?

Te Puna Subscriber databases use Voyager 2000 software. The main search screen, Simple Search, gives access to a variety of search types. There is also an Advanced Search screen. The following search types are available from the Simple Search screen:


Keyword Relevance This is an easy way to do a wide variety of searches and get a good result. Particularly good when you are searching for material on a topic. Results display in order of relevance.




Begins With (Title, Serial Title…) This is an efficient search when you know the title of the item you want. You need to type in the first few words, omitting words such as The, A, An, Le, La, L' as the first word of the title. Te Puna will produce an alphabetical list of titles.




Author Heading, Subject Heading, Call Number These search types are best used when you want to browse a list of author, subject, or call number headings. You need to type in the first words. Te Puna will produce a list of headings. You can click on any of these to display a list of titles.




ISBN/ISSN This is a quick way to search for an ISBN or ISSN.




Command This can be used to search for material on a topic. It can also be used to find a specific item if you don't have enough information for a Title, Serial Title or Author search, as you can enter the words in any order. You can do simple searches or you can do complex searches using Boolean operators (and, or, not) and field codes.




The following search type is available from the Advanced Search screen:




Advanced Search This can be used to search for material on a topic. It can also be used to find a specific item if you don't have enough information for a Title, Serial Title or Author search, as you can enter the words in any order. You can do simple searches, or Advanced Search will guide you through constructing a complex search with the use of dropdown lists.


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Module 3: Simple Search







How to search using the Simple Search screen

1. Type your search into the Search For box (how you enter your search will depend on the type of search you wish to use).
2. Choose the type of search from the Using drop-down menu.
3. Optional: You may limit your search by selecting a limit, such as year, from the Quick Limits drop-down menu. For more limits, or if you wish to add more than one limit, click on the Limits button before you enter your search. It is also possible to add Quick Limits or click on the Limit Results button after you have performed your search.


4. Optional: Select the number of records you wish to see on each page by choosing from the records per page drop-down menu (the default is 25).
5. Click Search to do your search. Your search will result in a Titles List or Headings list, depending on which search type you used.

Points to note :

• The default search type is Keyword Relevance. If you choose another search type this becomes the default for your next search in the session.
• To quickly select from a drop-down menu, highlight the box then enter the first letter of the word required. (If two options begin with the same letter, you may need to type the letter again to get the word you want).

Punctuation and searchable characters

Punctuation is consistent across all search types. For most searches it makes no difference whether you type in punctuation or not. However, note the following

• Hyphenated words should be searched for as phrase either with or without the hyphen. Example: The ISSN 0028-8535 may be searched for as "0028-8535" or "0028 8535"
• When searching for Library of Congress Subject Headings in Subject Heading Search, you must omit the double dashes. Example: Art, Maori-history may be searched for as art maori history
• Punctuation is important in a Call Number Search.

Note the following searchable characters:

• The plus sign (+) is a searchable character. Example: A Subject (Heading) search for c++ computer program will take you directly to the heading c++ (computer program)
• The ampersand (&) is a searchable character. However, it will only work if there is an ampersand in the record; in most cases it is better to type the word and in full.

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Module 4: Keyword Relevance Search

The Keyword Relevance search is an easy way to do a wide variety of searches and get a good result. It is particularly good when you are searching for material on a topic.

A Keyword Relevance search will look for words located anywhere in the record. When more than one keyword is entered, the records retrieved will contain at least one of the keywords. Search results are displayed with the most relevant records appearing first (see Relevance Titles List for more information).

Type in the word(s) or phrases you want. It is recommended that you use + before all essential terms to ensure you get a smaller list of search results with the most relevant records.

Focus or expand your search

For effective searching, use special characters to focus or expand your search:

• Use + before an essential term: penguins +antarctica
• Use ? after a term to truncate: child? will retrieve child, childhood, children…
• Use quotation marks for phrases: "yellow eyed penguin"
• Use ! before a term to exclude it from your search: penguins !antarctica

Further examples of Keyword Relevance searches:

Search	Records Retrieved
penguins hoiho	Will have either penguins or hoiho; or will have both penguins and hoiho if they appear in the same record
+penguins +hoiho	Must have penguins and must have hoiho
penguins +hoiho	Will have penguins, but will also have hoiho (when there is only one term without a +, it acts as if that term also has a +)
+zealand windfarm? “wind farm?”	Must have New Zealand and either windfarm(s) or wind farm(s).
video? +”zealand sign language”	videos on New Zealand sign language

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Module 5: Command Search

Command Search can be used for simple searches, or it can be used for complex searches using Boolean operators (and, or, not) and field codes. Results display alphabetically by title. See Titles List

Combine search terms

To combine several search terms use the Boolean operators (and, or, not):

Use and to narrow your search by combining multiple terms: health and maori
Use or to broaden your search with alternative terms: health or medical
Use not to exclude a term from your search: health not maori

Focus or expand your search

For effective searching, use special characters to focus or expand your search:

• Use ? after a term to truncate: child? will retrieve child, childhood, children…
• Use quotation marks for phrases: "yellow eyed penguin"
• Use brackets round or statements if you are also using and or not in the same search: (internet or web) and (writing or publishing)

Field codes

You can use field codes to restrict your search to a particular field in a record, such as title.
The following table includes commonly used field codes:

To search for:	Use Code:
Keyword Anywhere (default)	gkey
Author name keyword (composite)	nkey
Title keyword (composite)	tkey
Subject heading keyword	skey
Place of publication	260a
Publisher name keyword	260b
Date of publication. Use 4-digit year, e.g. 1999	260c
Conference or meeting name, place, date	cfky
Journal title keyword	jkey
Series title keyword	seri
Music opus or thematic index number	Opus
Exact title	2450
Publisher number (music score, video etc)	028a
ISBN (International Standard Book No.)	isbn
ISSN (International Standard Serial No.)	issn
Dewey classification number	028a

Examples:

To find books on Polynesian navigation published in the 1990s: skey polynesia? and skey navigation and 260c 199?

To find proceedings of a fluid dynamics conferences held in Kyoto or Tokyo: conf "fluid dynamics" and (conf tokyo or conf kyoto)

Field codes for Index New Zealand

The following table includes commonly used field codes for Index New Zealand:


Title of article cttl<br>


To search for:	Use Code:
Keyword Anywhere (default)	gkey
Author name keyword (composite, incl. Personal and corporate)	nkey
Author personal	pers
Title keyword (composite, incl. Article title and source title)	tkey
Source title (e.g. Dominion)	sttl
Subject heading keyword (composite, incl. descriptors and names)	skey
Descriptor (descriptor and major descriptor)	desc
Major descriptor (this search cannot be combined with other criteria)	6501
Name (as subject)	nams
Conference name	conf
Date of publication. Use format YYYYMMDD, e.g. 20020107 or 200201?	ndtf
Target audience (General, Research, or Turnbull)	tara
Abstract	abst
ISSN	Issn
Language	lang

Examples:

To find articles by Brian Rudman published in March 1999: Nkey "Rudman Brian" and ndtf 199903?
To find articles on small business published in April or May 2002: Skey "small business" and ("apr? 2002" or "may 2002")

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Module 6: Begins With (Title, Serial Title…)

The Begins With search includes search types such as the following:

• Title (Begins With) searches for any item by its title
• Serial Title (Begins With) searches for serials by their title. Serials include journals, newspapers, magazines etc.
• Article Title (Begins With), on Index New Zealand, searches for articles by their title
• Source Journal (Begins With), on Index New Zealand, searches for indexed serials by their title
  

  A Begins With search is an efficient search when you know the title of the item you want.

  Points to note:
• Type in the first few words of the title. Examples:
  journal of the polynesian
  living in the maniototo
  living in the mani
• In general you must omit initial articles such as The, A, An, Le, La, L', Te, Nga.
  Example: Sun also rises will find 'The sun also rises'.
  There are occasional exceptions, so if your search doesn't work it is worth trying with the initial article included. Note that you must include the Maori initial articles Te and Nga if they are part of a proper name.

A Begins With search will display an alphabetical list of titles starting with the words you typed. See Titles list for more information.

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Module 7: Author Heading, Subject Heading, Call Number

Heading searches, which may vary from database to database, produce a list of headings that you can browse. Note that limits do not function with Heading searches.

Author Heading

An Author Heading search allows you to search for:

• individuals (personal authors or editors)
• organisations (companies, associations, conferences or government organisations).

To search for individuals:

• Type in the family (last) name first, followed by initial or first name if known. You do not need to type in the whole word.
  Example: shadbolt m
• For unusual last names you do not need to include initial or first name.
  Example: winitana
• For common last names it is best to include at least part of the first name.
  Example: smith pete

To search for organisations:

• Type in the first few words of the organisation name. For example to find New Zealand Ministry of Research Science and Technology, type in: new zealand ministry of research

To find proceedings of conferences (meetings, congresses, symposia etc):

• · Enter the name of the conference. Example: international conference on wind

Subject Heading

Each record has subject headings to describe the topic of the book or other item.
The subject may be from one of the following authorised lists of subject headings:

• LC [Library of Congress] Subject Headings
• LC Subject Headings for Children
• LC Medical Subject Headings
• He Puna Kupu Maori / Maori Wordnet
• APAIS (Australian Public Affairs Information Service) is used for Index New Zealand.

To do a Subject Heading search, enter the first few words of the subject heading, omitting punctuation. You do not need to enter the whole word. Examples:
chatham islands
art maori history

If you want to find a suitable subject heading to use, start by using one of the keyword search options (e.g. Keyword Relevance) then look at the subject headings in the record to see which would be most useful. You can click on any subject heading in the record and you will be taken to a list of other items that also have this heading.

Call Number

You can locate items by searching by Dewey, Library of Congress or other call number.
Te Puna searches for call numbers in holdings records that have been added by libraries.

To do a call number search, enter the call number. Example:
599 (the Dewey number for mammals).

Note the following:

• The decimal point must be included if present in a call number.
  Example: 709.9
• Leaving a space is optional if present in a call number.
  Examples: PR 203 or PR203
• The system automatically truncates on the right after the decimal point.
  Example: 709.9 retrieves 709.9, 709.931 etc.

Search Results of a Heading Search

• An Author Heading or a Subject Heading search takes you to a list of author names or subject headings as applicable. See Headings List for more information.
• A Call Number search takes you to an alphabetical or numerical list of call numbers.
• If the database does not contain the author, subject or call number you search for, it will not appear on the list.

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Module 8: ISBN/ISSN

An ISBN/ISSN search is a quick way to search for an ISBN or ISSN.

To find a particular ISBN, enter the ISBN number.
Example: 0340599669 will find records with the ISBN 0340599669

For ISSNs you need to leave a space or include a hyphen between each set of four numbers.
Example: 1353-8047 will find records with the ISSN 1353-8047

You can use the truncation symbol ? for ISBN/ISSN searches if you wish.
Example: 1353?

Results from an ISBN/ISSN search will display as a single record (see Quick View) or where there is more than one record, an alphabetical list of titles. See Titles List for more information.

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Module 9: Advanced Search



Advanced Search can be used to search for material on a topic. It can also be used to find a specific item if you don't have enough information for a Title, Serial Title or Author search, as you can enter the words in any order. Advanced Search will take you to a list of titles. See Titles List.

How to perform a Advanced Search

1. Type the word(s) or phrase you want to find into the Find box. You can use ? to truncate.
   Example: epidem? searches for epidemics, epidemiology…
2. Use the drop-down menu immediately to the right of the Find box to choose the way you want your words to be combined. Your options are: all of these, any of these, as a phrase.
3. Select a field from the In drop-down menu. The default is Title. Other options include Keyword anywhere, Author Name, Subject, ISSN…
4. Optional: You may narrow or broaden your search by using the two other Find boxes (and repeating steps 1-3). Between the In boxes you must choose AND, OR or NOT. (The operators AND or NOT narrow your search; OR broadens your search.) If you Choose more than one operator, Te Puna will perform your search in the following order: AND search statement; NOT search statement; OR search statement.
5. Optional: You may limit your search by selecting a limit, such as year, from the Quick Limits drop-down menu. For more limits, or if you wish to add more than one limit, click on More Limits before you enter your search. It is also possible to add click on Limit Results after you have performed your search.
6. Optional: Select the number of records you wish to see on each page by choosing from the records per page drop-down menu (the default is 25).
7. Click Search to do your search.

Fields available in Advanced Search

National Bibliographic Database	International gateway databases	Index New Zealand
Title [this is a composite title]	Keyword Anywhere	Keyword Anywhere
Keyword AnywhereName	Author	Source Journal
ISBN	ISBN	Subjects (All)
Author Name	ISSN	Titles (All)
ISSN	Series	Authors (All)
Subject	Subject	Abstract
Series	Title	Article Title
Publisher Name	LCCN [only on LC]	Subject (Personal Name)
Corporate Name (110,710)		Date (Numeric)
Title & Responsibility		Author (Personal)
Publisher Date		Target Audience
Additional Physical Form		Subject (Descriptor)
Conference Name (111,711)		ISSN
Subject: Topical		Author (Corporate)
Publisher: Place		Subject(ConferenceName)
Dissertation Note		Conference Name
Personal Name (100,700)		Notes
Uniform Title (130,240,730		Old Record Number
Contents Note		Language
Subject: Personal Name
Subject: Geographic Name
Subject: Subdivision (vxyz)
Subject: Corporate Name
Subject: Genre/Form
Subject: Meeting/Name
Subject: Uniform Title
Summary Note
Opus/Thematic Index No.
Subject Corporate (610,611)
GMD

Note: Title field on the National Bibliographic Database is a composite field and includes Series Title, Table of Contents titles etc. If you specifically want the title proper of the item, you should choose Title & Responsibility.

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Module 10: Limiting Searches

You can apply limits before you do your search:

• You can choose a single quick limit directly from the Simple Search screen.
• You can choose limits singly or in combination from the Search Limits screen (available from either the Simple Search screen or the Advanced Search screen).
• On the National Bibliographic Database only, you can limit your search results .
• Limits can be applied to Keyword Relevance, Title, Serial Title, Command or Advanced searches.
• Limits do not function for Author Heading, Subject Heading or Call Number .
• Limits do not function for international gateway databases or when you are simultaneously searching multiple databases.
  

Quick Limits

1. Select a Quick Limit from the drop-down menu on the search screen, e.g. 2000-
2. The following message will display: Search limits are in effect!

Set Search Limits

1. Click on the More Limits button on the Search screen. (Or, click on Limit Results from the Search Results screen). The Search Limits screen will display.
   
   
   
2. Make your selection or selections from the different categories. Note:
   • You can select from more than one category. For example, you can limit by both Date and Item Type.
   • You can select more than one selection in a category. In this case, selections are combined with OR. For example, if you select Locations: @Polytechnics as well as @Universities, you will limit your search to items held in either Polytechnics or Universities.
3. Scroll down to the bottom of the page and click on Set Limits.
4. The following message will display: Search limits are in effect!

Note: To de-deselect an option, hold down the Ctrl key while clicking again on the option(s) you have selected.




Limits available on the National Bibliographic Database

Limit	…contains
Date [year]	= > < Range
Language	Languages from 008 field.
Location	Health Libraries Group, New Zealand National Bibliography, Polytechnics, Tokelau National Bibliography, Universities, Individual libraries.
Medium	Map, Computer file, Globe, Projected graphic, Microform, Nonprojected graphic, Motion picture, Sound recording, Text (eye-readable), Videorecording.
Item Type	Book, Serial, Archive/Manuscript, Music score, Map, Non musical recording, Computer file/software, Kit, Mixed material/collection, Mixed material, Visual material.
Place of Publication	Country from 008 field.
Publication Status	Currently published, Ceased publication, Unknown, from 008 field.
Quick Limits	2000-,1995-,1990, Serial, In Maori, National Bibliography

Limits available on Index New Zealand

Date [year]	= > < Range
Type	Journal article, Newspaper article
Language	Languages from 008 field
Quick Limits	Journal, Newspaper, 2000-, 1995-, 1990-, Maori

Remove Limits

Limits will remain in effect until you clear them by clicking on Clear Limits, or until you exit the browser.

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Module 11: Relevance Titles List

A Keyword Relevance Search results in a Relevance Titles List with the most relevant titles first. The Relevance Titles List has the following columns. These may differ slightly from database to database:

• The first column has check boxes. Only check these if you wish to E-mail, Print, or Save the selected record.
• The Relevance column indicates how much relevance each title has to the search you typed in. The most relevant titles have five red dots. As the titles become less relevant, the colour of the dots will change and the number of dots will decrease. Within a colour (e.g. five red dots) the order is by record number.
• The Title column displays the title retrieved
• The Author column displays the author of the work.
• The Date column displays the date of publication of the work.
• The Source column (on Index New Zealand) displays the serial source, date, volume and pages.
• The Abstract column (on Index New Zealand) displays the first 100 characters of the abstract.

Relevance theory

Relevance Ranking is a complex algorithm (set of rules) that ranks the search terms you type in according to the following factors:

• Fields (e.g. Subject, Author, or Title) in which the terms appear: some of these such as Subject carry more weight.
• Proximity of search terms to each other within the bibliographic record. Proximity is within five words and does not cross boundaries between fields.
• Uniqueness of search terms within the database. Less common terms have a higher relevancy.
• Number of different search terms present in a bibliographic record.
• Essential terms (you can influence relevancy by entering + before an essential term)

Displaying a record

• To display a Quick view of a record, click on the title.
• If there are many titles, you can display the next group of titles by clicking
• You can return to the previous group of titles by clicking
• You can use the jump bar to move quickly through the Titles List.
• Only one record can be viewed at a time, by clicking on any word in the title.
• To return to the Relevance Titles List, click the Titles List button on the Te Puna toolbar at the top of the screen.

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Module 12: Titles List

All search types except Keyword Relevance and Heading searches result in a list of titles.

The Titles list has the following columns (these differ slightly from database to database - see next page for screens from the National Bibliographic Database and Index New Zealand):

• The first column has check boxes. Only check these if you wish to E-mail, Print or Save the selected record.
• The Title column displays the title retrieved.
• The Author column displays the author of the work.
• The Date column displays date of publication.
• The Source column (on Index New Zealand) displays the serial source, date, volume and pages.
• The Abstract column (on Index New Zealand) displays the first 20 words of the abstract.
• The last column displays the image when there is a Link to resource in the record. The link will be to either the full text electronic version or to an electronic table of contents. Note that < URL> is not a clickable link.

Titles Lists are alphabetical on most databases. If you wish to display by Publish Date etc, select an option from the drop down menu in the Sort by box.

Displaying a record

• You can use the jump bar to move quickly through the Titles List.
• If there are many titles, you can display the next group of titles by clicking <Next >
• You can return to the previous group of titles by clicking <Previous>
• To display the Quick view of a record, click on the title.
• To return to the Titles List after viewing a record, click the Titles List button on the Te Puna toolbar at the top of the screen.

Titles List from the National Bibliographic Database




 

 

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Module 13: Headings List

The Author Heading search results in an alphabetical list of authors' names:

• The Titles column displays the number of titles associated with an author heading.
• The Headings column displays the author headings.
• The Headings Type column displays the type of author heading. An author heading may be a personal name, corporate name, or meeting name.

The Subject Heading search results in an alphabetical list of subject headings:

• The Titles column displays the number of titles associated with a subject heading.
• The Headings column displays the subject headings.
• The Headings Type column displays the type of subject, e.g. LC [Library of Congress] subject headings.



Subject Headings List



References

The Headings List may have a Reference link in the left column.

This link may appear for any of the following reasons:

Note: There may be a Note explaining the use of the heading.
See Reference: directs you to the authorised from of the heading.
See Also Reference: refers you to other related headings.
Narrower Terms: refers you to more specific subject headings.
Earlier Heading or Later Heading: may be given for author headings.


If you click on the Reference link it will take you to a screen that has more information and (where relevant) links to other headings.

Displaying a record from the headings list

1. Click on a heading (only one heading and its associated titles may be viewed at a time). A Titles List will display.
2. Click on the title to display a Quick view of a record.

Navigation:


• If there are many headings, you can display the next group of headings by clicking
• You can return to the previous group of headings by clicking
• To return to the Headings List after viewing titles, click the Headings List button on the Te Puna toolbar at the top of the screen.

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Module 14: Quick View




National Bibliographic Database and international gateway databases

Quick View will display bibliographic information including Title, Author, Publisher, ISBN/ISSN as well as holdings for the item. (Quick view will not display notes, series titles, table of contents etc. Use Detailed View to display this additional information)







Index New Zealand

Quick View will display bibliographic information including Item type, Target audience, Title, Author, Source, Subject headings and Abstract. Quick view will not display holdings.


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Module 15: Detailed View




National Bibliographic Database and gateway databases

Detailed View displays all bibliographic information found in the Quick View as well as notes, series titles, table of contents etc.




Index New Zealand

Detailed View will display Item Type, Title, Author, Source, and holdings for the article.




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Module 16: MARC View

MARC View displays a coded US MARC format, which is mainly used for library cataloguing purposes.



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Module 17: E-mail/print/save

Multiple records from a Titles List (one page)

1. Mark the required records by clicking the checkbox to the left of the records you want. A tick will display.
   
2. If you want all the records, leave the checkbox(es) unticked. You can also click Clear Selected to clear the ticks from all of the selected titles.
   
3. Move to the Save Options box at the bottom of the screen and choose between:
   • All on page: if you wish to e-mail/print/save all records on the page
   • Selected on page: if you wish to e-mail/print/save only those records you have selected on the page.
     
4. Choose to either e-mail or print/save:
   • E-mail: type your e-mail address in the Enter E-mail address box and click on e-mail. You will get the message 'Your e-mail has been sent'.
   • Print/save: click on the Print/Save icon. A new screen will open with the records displayed as text. You can print these. To save to a disk, select File on the browser tool bar and go to Save As. In the Save in box choose 3 ˝ Floppy A (or choose a directory). Type in a file name ending in .txt then click on Save. When you have finished, click on the Back button on the browser toolbar to return to the previous screen.

Multiple records from a Titles List (multiple pages)

1. Mark the required records by clicking the checkbox to the left of the records you want. A tick will display. (Note: when saving from multiple pages, you must mark all required records even if all records on the page are required).
   
2. Move to the Save Options box at the bottom of the screen and choose Selected on page. Then click Retain Selected. Then click on to go to the next page of records.
   
3. Repeat steps 1 and 2, until you reach the last screen you want to save. After marking the required records, scroll to the bottom of the screen and click Selected all pages.
   
4. Choose to either e-mail or print/save:
   • E-mail: type your e-mail address in the Enter E-mail address box and click on e-mail. You will get the message 'Your e-mail has been sent'.
   • Print/save: click on the Print/Save icon. A new screen will open with the records displayed as text. You can print these. To save to a disk, select File on the browser tool bar and go to Save As. In the Save in box choose 3 ˝ Floppy A (or choose a directory). Type in a file name ending in .txt then click on Save.
     When you have finished, click on the Back button on the browser toolbar to return to the previous screen.

A single record

Move to the Save Options box at the bottom of the screen and choose to either e-mail or print/save:

• E-mail: type your e-mail address in the Enter E-mail address box and click on e-mail. You will get the message 'Your e-mail has been sent'.
• Print/save: click on the Print/Save icon. A new screen will open with the records displayed as text. You can print these.

To save to a disk, select File on the browser tool bar and go to Save As. In the Save in box choose 3 ˝ Floppy A (or choose a directory). Type in a file name ending in .txt then click on Save.
When you have finished, click on the Back button on the browser toolbar to return to the previous screen.

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Module 18: Search History

The History screen allows you to re-execute or edit any of your previous searches from the current session. The History button becomes available on the status bar only after you have completed at least one search.

• Scroll down to the bottom of the screen and type your e-mail address into the Enter E-Mail address box.
• Click the Email button. The titles and details will be e-mailed to you.

The History screen lists the following information:

• Edit: running number for your search
• Hits: number of items found for each search
• Search Type: Keyword Relevance etc
• Searched For: your search terms

To re-execute or edit one of your previous searches:

1. Click on the History button.
2. Click on the number in the Edit column to edit the search, or click on the particular search's Search Type or Searched For to re-execute the search.

Note: History does not retain information about limits (see Limiting Searches). If you re-execute or edit a search, any current limits in effect will be used instead of limits you had specified previously.

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Module 19: Simultaneous searching of multiple databases

It is possible to search two or more databases simultaneously, for instance National Bibliographic Database and Archive. Your results are returned in a single Titles List.

Note that there are some limitations when you search databases simultaneously, as you are limited to features common to all databases in a search:

• You cannot limit searches (by date, type etc)
• Subject heading or Author heading searches will take you straight to a Titles List, not a Headings List.

Remember that a "per use" charge applies to the international gateway databases Australian National Bibliographic Database, Research Libraries Group (RLG) and CURL.

How to search two or more databases simultaneously

1. At the Database Selection screen, highlight the databases you wish to search, then click Connect.


2. At the search screen, enter your search then click on Search.


3. The results from each database will display on the Simultaneous Searching screen.


4. Click Show. A Titles list will display.

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Appendix A: Icons and Buttons

Te Puna toolbar

You can navigate and carry out actions in Te Puna Search using the buttons that appear on the Te Puna toolbar at the top of your screens:

Icon	Activity
New Database	Takes you to the Database Selection screen.
New Search	Returns you to the Search screen
Headings List	Displays the author headings or subject headings from your most recent search
Titles List	Displays the titles from your most recent search
Login	Takes you to the Database Selection screen
Request	Enables users with Interloan access to initiate requests in Te Puna Search
History	Appears only after you have done a search. Displays your search history.
Help	Takes you to Help screens
Exit	Takes you to the Subscriber Home page

Other icons and buttons

Icon	Activity
Reset	Resets the search box and drop-down menus to whatever the default was when the page was created in your session.
Next	Displays the next page (e.g. the next record, or the next page of a Titles List)
Previous	Displays the previous page (e.g. the previous record, or the previous page of a Titles List).

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Appendix B: Putting it all together: specialised Searches

National Bibliographic Database

To search for…	Use…
Theses	Advanced search : Otago thesis [all of these] [in Dissertation note]
One word titles (serials)	Serial title (begins with) : Science
Exact titles (any kind of material)	Command : 2450 science
Conferences, meetings, proceedings	Author heading: International on wind Keyword: Conference +wind tdelhi +1995 Command: Tkey conference and tkey wind and tkey delhi and tkey 1995 Advanced: Conference wind delhi 1995 [all of these] [Title]

Index New Zealand

To search for…	Use…
General interest material or research material	Advanced search:Diabetes management [all of these] [Keyword Anywhere] and general [all of these][Target Audience]. Similarly, use Research for research material
Book reviews	There is a subject heading ‘Book reviews”. Use Keyword Relevance Search or Advanced Search: Keyword Relevance search: “employment dispute resolution” +”book reviews”

Searches using 'and' and 'or'

For searches using 'and' and 'or', the following searches are possible. Each of these searches will result in an identical number of hits:

Keyword Relevance: floriculture flowers +marketing
Command Search: (floriculture or flowers) and marketing
Advanced Search: floriculture flowers (any of these) (Keyword Anywhere) and marketing (all of these) (Keyword Anywhere)

For searches using 'and' and 'or' and incorporating a phrase, the following searches are possible. Each of these searches will result in an identical number of hits:

Keyword Relevance: floriculture "cut flowers" +marketing

Command Search: (floriculture or cut flowers) and marketing
Advanced Search: not possible

Keyword Relevance: floriculture flowers +"retail trade"
Command Search: (floriculture or flowers) and "retail trade"
Advanced Search: floriculture flowers (any of these)(Keyword Anywhere) and retail trade (as a phrase)(Keyword Anywhere)


Searching for music

• Limit by Item type (Music score, Musical recording) or Medium (Sound recording, Videorecording)
• Don't limit to specific fields such as Title
• When searching for songs, use keywords rather than searching as a phrase
• User fewer keywords rather than more
• Use truncation: sonat? will find sonata, sonatas, sonate, sonaten
• Opus number is helpful, but won't necessarily retrieve the item
• Major composers have a catalogue number, e.g. BWV for Bach, and KV for Mozart: "bwv 140"
• If you can't find the item on the National Bibliographic Database (NBD), search the National Bibliographic Archive as this will sometimes enable you to verify the item, then contact the National Library Music Room, music.room@natlib.govt.nz
• Not all music held by NLNZ is catalogued, e.g. The National Bibliographic Database (NBD) often has records for music with the "No holdings" statement, even though the National Library Music Room holds copies. Again, contact the Music Room.

Search Examples:

1. To search for music scores of Prokofiev piano sonatas, limit to Music score then search as follows:
   Command Search: sonat? and prok?
   Keyword Relevance: sonat? +prok
   
2. To search for sound recordings of Scarlatti piano sonatas, limit to Sound recording then search as follows:
   Command Search: scarlatti and sonat?
   Keyword Relevance: scarlatti +sonat?
   
3. To search for sound recordings of Bach cantata " A stronghold sure":
   bach and stronghold (limited to Sound recording) gives no hits.
   bach and stronghold (with no limits) gives 2 hits. You can see from the titles of the 2 records retrieved that an additional term would be "feste burg", so you rephrase your search:
   bach and "feste burg" (limited to Sound recording)

Appendix C: Index New Zealand




Journals Indexed


Information about Index New Zealand can be found on the National Library website at: http://www.natlib.govt.nz/en/services/6innz.html There are also links to:

• Journals Currently Indexed
• INNZ titles by subject
• Journals Retrospectively Indexed

How to find when the National Library started indexing a journal

To find when the National Library started indexing a journal, e.g. Journal of the Polynesian Society, do a 'Source Journal' search using either the Simple Search (Source Journal (Begins With)) or the Advanced Search options.

Source Journal (Begins with) example:
journal of the polynesian
The indexed articles will display with the earliest at the top

Advanced Search example:
journal polynesian [all of these][Source Journal]
The indexed articles will display with the most recent at the top, and you can use the jump bar to get to the earliest.


How to obtain articles indexed on Index New Zealand

• You can obtain indexed articles through your own library on interloan
  
• Photocopies of indexed articles that are urgently required are available through Rapid Access: Phone 04-474-3028, Fax 04-474-363, e-mail. For more information and charges, go to http://www.natlib.govt.nz/en/services/6docsupply.html

Digital Solutions
Phone: 0508 Te Puna (0508 83 7862)
E-mail: tepuna@natlib.govt.nz

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